RESUMEN
Preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder unique to pregnancy, remains a significant cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and uric acid have garnered attention as potential biomarkers in understanding preeclampsia's pathophysiology and clinical management. Elevated LDH and uric acid levels have been associated with disease severity and adverse outcomes, highlighting their potential utility in risk stratification and guiding management strategies. This comprehensive review explores the roles of LDH and uric acid in preeclampsia, summarizing current evidence regarding their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. Future research directions are also discussed, including understanding and validation studies. Integrating LDH and uric acid measurements into routine clinical practice may facilitate early detection and intervention, ultimately improving outcomes for preeclamptic pregnancies. This review underscores the importance of serum biomarkers in enhancing our understanding and managing preeclampsia, aiming to optimize maternal and fetal health.
RESUMEN
Mature teratomas, also known as ovarian dermoid cysts, are benign embryonal tumors that develop slowly. One of the following imaging techniques is commonly employed to evaluate these cysts: transvaginal ultrasound, pelvic ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography. The two surgical methods most frequently used for removing persistent or very large cysts are laparoscopy and laparotomy. A 42-year-old female, who is P3L1D2 with a history of previous cesarean section, presented with an abdominal mass that had been gradually increasing in size over the past five months. She also reported lower abdominal pain for the last five days. Upon further evaluation, she was diagnosed with a left ovarian dermoid cyst. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy, during which a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. The cut section of the gross cyst specimen revealed abundant sebaceous fluid and a large tuft of hair, which was confirmed by histopathology. The patient was followed up every three months for a year. Ovarian tumors typically manifest with nonspecific symptoms. The early recognition of dermoid cysts and prompt intervention are crucial to prevent potential complications.
RESUMEN
Preterm labor, regarded as the onset of labor before 37 weeks of gestation, is a highly prevalent issue in obstetrics with repercussions for neonatal health. This review article presents an in-depth analysis of the alliance between serum magnesium levels and preterm labor. The review explores the physiological roles of magnesium right through pregnancy, including its significance for energy metabolism, smooth muscle contraction, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and protein synthesis. It addresses cellular transport and the homeostasis of magnesium. The pathophysiological processes encompassing inflammation, oxidative stress, calcium regulation, smooth muscle contractility, and neuroendocrine pathways are investigated. The review evaluates epidemiological studies investigating the alliance between serum magnesium levels and preterm labor. The review incorporates an assortment of study varieties, such as observational studies, case-control studies, prospective cohort studies, and meta-analyses. In the course of reviewing the prognostic relevance of serum magnesium levels in premature labor, therapeutic implications involving diagnostic precision, prognostic significance, and therapeutic response assessment have additionally been addressed. Therapeutic interventions targeting magnesium levels, such as magnesium supplementation, tocolytic therapy, and the role of magnesium in antenatal corticosteroid administration, are explored. This review provides an in-depth evaluation of the correlation between serum magnesium levels and preterm labor, stressing its therapeutic significance and repercussions for future research and treatment strategies.
RESUMEN
Cerebral palsy is a permanent, non-progressive, irreversible, non-curable condition with high co-morbidities and lifelong complications. Brain lesions may be present at birth or shortly after that. It may be congenital or acquired, prenatal, or abnormal brain development. The damage to the brain is non-progressive. It mainly affects movement, coordination, strength, and posture. Cerebral palsy is believed to increase women's chance of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. According to studies, the main outcome of cerebral palsy in pregnant women is premature birth. Secondary outcomes like LSCS, labor induction, low 5-minute APGAR, small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), and stillbirth point to the necessity for increased surveillance during prenatal treatment. A 27-year-old primigravida with a known case of dystonic Cerebral palsy since childhood presented with a history of nine months of amenorrhea, pain in the abdomen, and backache for one day. Per abdominal examination, the uterus was 34 weeks in size with Breech presentation, mild contractions were present, and a fetal heart rate of 146 beats per minute, which was regular. On per-vaginal examination cervical os was one finger loose, the show was present. The patient underwent a planned Lower segment caesarean section after neuro physician and anesthesiologist clearance and delivered a healthy female baby of 2.4 kg. Both mother and baby were stable.
